„Mona Liza“ – italų renesanso menininko Leonardo da Vinci portretinis paveikslas pusės ilgio paveikslas, kuris buvo apibūdintas kaip „geriausiai žinomas, labiausiai lankomas, apie kurį daugiausia rašoma, apie kurį dainuojama, labiausiai parodijuojamas meno kūrinys pasaulyje. pasaulis“. „Mona Liza“ taip pat yra vienas vertingiausių paveikslų pasaulyje. Jai priklauso Gineso pasaulio rekordas dėl didžiausio žinomo draudimo įvertinimo istorijoje – 100 mln. USD 1962 m. (atitinka 650 mln. USD 2018 m.).
Daugelis mano, kad paveikslas yra Lisos Gherardini, Francesco del Giocondo žmonos, portretas ir yra nupieštas aliejumi ant baltos Lombardijos tuopų plokštės. Manoma, kad jis buvo nutapytas 1503–1506 m.; Tačiau Leonardo galėjo tęsti jo darbą dar 1517 m. Naujausi akademiniai darbai rodo, kad jis nebūtų buvęs pradėtas anksčiau nei 1513 m. Jį įsigijo Prancūzijos karalius Pranciškus I ir dabar yra Prancūzijos Respublikos nuosavybė, nuolat eksponuojama. Luvro muziejuje Paryžiuje nuo 1797 m.
Dalyko išraiška, kuri dažnai apibūdinama kaip mįslinga, kompozicijos monumentalumas, subtilus formų modeliavimas ir atmosferinis iliuzionizmas buvo naujos savybės, prisidėjusios prie nenutrūkstamo kūrinio žavėjimo ir tyrinėjimo.
Paveikslo, kuris angliškai žinomas kaip Mona Lisa, pavadinimas kilęs iš Renesanso meno istoriko Giorgio Vasari aprašymo, kuris parašė „Leonardo įsipareigojo nutapyti Francesco del Giocondo, jo žmonos Monos Lizos portretą“. Mona italų kalba yra mandagi kreipimosi forma, kilusi iš „ma donna“ – panašiai kaip „Ma’am“, „Madam“ arba „my lady“ anglų kalba. Tai tapo „madona“, o jos susitraukimas „mona“. Paveikslo pavadinimas, nors tradiciškai rašomas „Mona“ (kaip vartojo Vasari), šiuolaikinėje italų kalboje taip pat dažnai rašomas kaip Monna Lisa („mona“ yra vulgarumas kai kuriuose italų dialektuose), tačiau tai retai pasitaiko anglų kalba.
Vasari pasakojimas apie Moną Lizą kilęs iš jo Leonardo biografijos, paskelbtos 1550 m., praėjus 31 metams po menininko mirties. Tai jau seniai žinomiausias informacijos apie slaugytojos darbo kilmę ir tapatybę šaltinis. Leonardo asistentas Salaì, jam mirus 1524 m., turėjo portretą, kuris jo asmeniniuose dokumentuose buvo pavadintas la Gioconda, paveikslą, kurį jam paliko Leonardo.
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